Does Trademark Have To Be Registered

This guide explores what trademarks are, how they can benefit you lot and your organization, and why registration is important.

one. Agreement trademarks

To succeed in the business concern world, you need to send the right message and develop the correct epitome. If people cannot pick your products or services out from the oversupply, they might work with another person or company that is easier for them to observe.

In fact, some brand names that got famous in the 1920s for existence reliable and high quality are however leaders today. That is considering the public likes what it knows and trusts. Companies spend millions of dollars taking care of their corporate prototype.

A registered trademark is one manner to protect your corporate image. Registering your trademark gives yous legal title to information technology the way a deed gives y'all title to a piece of real estate.

What is a trademark? A trademark is a sign or combination of signs used or proposed to be used by a person to distinguish their goods or services from those of others.

Over time, trademarks come to stand for not only the actual goods or services a person or visitor provides, but likewise the reputation of the producer. Trademarks are very valuable intellectual holding.

There are several types of trademarks:

An ordinary trademark includes words, designs, tastes, textures, moving images, way of packaging, holograms, sounds, scents, three-dimensional shapes, colours, or a combination of these used to distinguish the goods or services of one person or organisation from those of others. For instance, suppose yous started a courier business that you chose to call Empty-headed-up. Yous could register these words as a trademark (if you met all the legal requirements) for the service that you offer.
A certification mark can exist licensed to many people or companies for the purpose of showing that sure goods or services meet a defined standard. For case, the Woolmark design, owned past Woolmark Americas Ltd., is used on clothing and other goods.

People occasionally misfile trademarks with patents, copyrights, industrial designs and integrated circuit topographies. Like trademarks, these others are forms of intellectual property. However, in that location are important differences:

Trademarks may exist one or a combination of words, sounds, designs, tastes, colours, textures, scents, moving images, iii-dimensional shapes, modes of packaging or holograms, used to distinguish the goods or services of one person or organization from those of others.
Patents cover new and useful inventions (production, composition, automobile, procedure) or any new and useful improvement to an existing invention.
Copyright provides protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works (including computer programs) and other subject-affair known as performer'south performances, sound recordings and advice signals.
Industrial designs are the visual features of shape, configuration, pattern or ornament, or any combination of these features applied to a finished commodity.
Integrated circuit topographies are the three-dimensional configurations of electronic circuits embodied in integrated circuit products or layout designs.

Trade name vs. trademark

A trade name is the name of your concern. A trade name can be registered nether the Trademarks Human action only if it is also used as a trademark; that is, if it is used to identify appurtenances or services.

For example, let us suppose that you lot ain an ice foam business and that your company is called "A.B.C. Ltd.".

Example ane: People know your ice cream nether the name "A.B.C. Ltd." considering you use this name as a trademark that you place on your ice cream. Y'all tin therefore use to annals the trade name "A.B.C. Ltd." equally a trademark.

Example ii: People know your ice cream by the name "Northward Pole", which is what yous use to promote your product. Even though the name of your company is "A.B.C. Ltd," no one thinks of that name when they think of what you sell. In that case, the name "A.B.C. Ltd." is non being used as a trademark but rather as a trade name.

Annotation: A trademark registration may be cancelled if someone else in Canada has fabricated employ of a similar trade name or trademark in the by.

Registered trademark vs. unregistered trademark

When you register your trademark, you become the sole correct to use the marker beyond Canada for 10 years. You lot tin can renew your trademark every x years later on that.

A registered trademark is one that has been entered in the Register of Trademarks. The certificate of registration is directly prove that you own the trademark.

Yous do not take to register your trademark; by using a trademark for a certain length of fourth dimension, you may have rights nether common police. However, if yous use an unregistered trademark and end up in a dispute, y'all could exist looking at a long, expensive legal battle over who has the correct to utilise it. If you neglect to actually utilise the marking for a long time, your registration may be taken off of the Register of Trademarks, which will make it more difficult to evidence legal ownership of the trademark.

Read most how to annals trademarks outside of Canada later in this Guide.

What y'all can and cannot register every bit a trademark

What you tin can register

You tin register any trademark that does not contravene the Trademarks Act. For more than detailed information, see the Trademarks Act.

What yous can't register

Trademarks that are generally unregistrable include the following:

Names and surnames

A trademark may not be registered if it is nothing more than a name or surname.

An exception is if you can prove that your goods or services take get well known under the name or surname then that the word has caused a second meaning in the public heed.

Conspicuously descriptive marks

You lot may not register a trademark that conspicuously describes a characteristic or quality of your goods or services.

For example, the words "sweet" for ice cream, "juicy" for apples, and "perfectly clean" for dry-cleaner services could not be registered as trademarks. All apples could be described as "juicy" and all ice cream every bit "sweet"; these are natural characteristics of the items. If you were allowed to register these words, no other apple sellers or ice cream vendors could use them to promote their goods, and that would be unfair. Just, again, if you can establish that "Sweet Ice Cream" has become so well known that people will immediately recollect of your product (and no one else's) when they read or hear these words, you may exist allowed to annals the trademark.

Deceptively misdescriptive marks

You cannot register a trademark that is deceptively misleading. For case, you could non register "cane saccharide" for candy sweetened with artificial sweetener or "air express" for a courier service that uses footing transportation.

Place of origin

Y'all may not annals a trademark that describes the geographical location where the appurtenances or services come up from. Assuasive yous to utilize such place names every bit your trademark would hateful you are the only ane who can use the geographical place name, and that would be unfair to others who trade in that identify. For example, you could non register "Italy" for lasagna.

Also, you may not register a word that misleads the public into thinking that the goods or services come from a sure place when they do not. For example, you could non register "Paris Fashions" or "Kingdom of denmark Article of furniture" as a trademark for appurtenances or services if they did non come from there.

Words in other languages

Y'all may not register trademarks that are the proper noun, in whatsoever language, of the goods or services associated with your trademark. For example, you would not be able to register the word "gelato" (Italian for "water ice cream") in association with frozen confections; "anorak" (Inuktitut for "parka") in association with outerwear; or "wurst" (German language for "sausage") in association with meat.

Confusing with a registered or pending trademark

Beware of trademarks that are like to another trademark that is registered or is the subject of a previously-filed application. If your trademark is confusingly similar to a registered trademark or a pending trademark, it volition exist refused.

Trademark examiners await at many things when they make up one's mind whether trademarks are confusing, including:

whether the trademarks expect or sound akin and whether they suggest similar ideas
whether the trademarks are used to marketplace similar goods or services

Allow's become back to the example of "N Pole" ice cream. Suppose another visitor were manufacturing and selling frozen-water products under the registered trademark "South Pole." The public could easily think that "N Pole" and "South Pole" products are made and sold by the aforementioned company, and may expect that the trademarks would be owned by the same arrangement. That could hateful your awarding to register "North Pole" would be turned down because it could cause defoliation with the registered marker "South Pole," which is endemic by another company.

For more information on confusingly like trademarks, you can refer to subsection half-dozen(5) of the Trademarks Act.

Trademarks that are identical to, or likely to be mistaken for, prohibited marks

You may non register a trademark that is identical or similar to certain official marks unless you accept the permission from the organization that controls the mark. These official marks include:

official government designs (e.g., the Canadian flag)
coats of arms of the Royal Family
badges and crests such as those of the Canadian Armed Forces and the letters RCMP
emblems and names of the Reddish Cantankerous, the Red Crescent, and the United nations
armorial bearings (coats of artillery), flags and symbols of other countries
symbols of provinces, municipalities and public institutions

Subject matter that is scandalous, obscene, or immoral is also not immune. For example, your trademark may non include profane language, obscene visuals or racial slurs.

You may not use portraits and signatures of living people or people who have died inside the last 30 years. For example, using the photograph of an existing rock group to promote your tape store is not allowed unless you have their permission.

A few other things you cannot do

Y'all cannot annals a trademark if it consists of a constitute variety denomination (when a right is granted to the possessor for control over the multiplying and selling of reproductive cloth for a particular plant diverseness) or is a mark so nearly resembling a plant variety denomination that information technology is probable to be mistaken for information technology, where the awarding covers the plant variety or some other plant variety of the aforementioned species.

Yous cannot register a trademark that indicates the geographical origin of a wine, spirit, or agricultural product or food unless your goods are from that geographical expanse. For example, you could not register the trademark "Okanagan Valley" if the wine you are making is from Ontario.

Who can employ for registration?

In club to be entitled to registration of a trademark, an applicant must be a "person". A "person" may be an individual, partnership, trade union, association, joint venture, or corporation. An applicant can include two or more than persons, for example "John Doe, Jane Smith".

How long does registration last?

Your registration lasts for 10 years from the engagement of registration. You may renew it every 10 years after that for a fee.

How much does an application cost?

You lot must pay an application fee when submitting your application for the registration of a trademark.

What to consider before filing an awarding

This guide will give y'all the bones data you need to file a trademark application. However, the Registrar cannot write your application for you, give yous legal or business advice, or do a search of trademarks for you lot.

Search the Canadian Trademarks Database

A adept first footstep is to do a search of existing trademarks to check whether your trademark could be confusing with someone else's. Yous do not have to do this, but it will assistance y'all know whether like trademarks exist. If they exercise, you could end up infringing on someone'due south trademark, which could state you in court.

You can do a search through the Canadian Trademarks Database. The listings cover trademarks (active and inactive), official marks and prohibited marks. As soon as the Registrar receives your application, it too becomes part of the public record.

To practise a proper search, you will have to cheque for different possible versions of the trademark that you desire to register. For a standard grapheme trademark (discussion or words), y'all should look for all possible spellings, including in French. For example, if your trademark is "North Pole," you would search for "N", "Nord", and "Pole."

To kickoff your search, visit the Canadian Trademarks Database. Use our tutorial to make the virtually of your search.

Search trade names

Before yous go whatsoever further, you should also search merchandise names. Trade names are oftentimes used as trademarks - even if they are not registered.

Example of search merchandise names

The name of your company is "N Pole." A company called "Due south Pole" has never filed for trademark registration. However, if the proper name "South Pole" has get known for frozen-water products, the visitor could debate that it has rights in the name "South Pole" as a merchandise name and also as a trademark.

The Registrar would not have the name "S Pole" in its trademark records considering it does not register trade names. "South Pole", notwithstanding, could easily notice out that you are using "North Pole", either past doing a search of the Registrar'southward records or by seeing your application published in the Trademarks Journal on the website of the Canadian Intellectual Holding Office. "South Pole" may and so challenge your awarding during the opposition stage in the registration process.

Please note that trade names can be recorded separately in each province under provincial legislation. Therefore, at that place is no single, complete listing of trade names in Canada.

Since searching merchandise names tin can be quite circuitous, we propose that you hire a trademark amanuensis to practise the work for you.

Consider hiring a registered trademark agent

Preparing and following through on your trademark application tin can exist a complex process. Whoever does it needs a lot of knowledge about trademark law and how the Registrar'south office works.

Beware of unregistered trademark agents! They are not authorized to represent applicants in the prosecution of trademarks applications.

A trademark agent will make sure that your application is properly written and then that your trademark will be protected. This is especially of import if someone challenges your right to the trademark. You practise non have to hire an agent merely information technology is oft advisable to do so.

One time y'all have an agent, the Registrar will correspond with that person. If y'all cancel that arrangement, the Office will and then correspond with you directly. You lot may alter trademark agents or choose to no longer accept one at whatever time.

Consult the list of registered trademark agents should you wish to hire a registered trademark agent to handle your file.

2. Filing a trademark application

Preparing a trademark application

A consummate application includes:

the proper noun and mailing address of the bidder
a representation or clarification, or both, of the trademark
a statement in specific and ordinary commercial terms of the goods and services associated with the trademark
the statement of goods and services grouped according to the Nice Nomenclature
the application fee
any other requirements specific to the type of trademark sought to exist registered

You must file a separate application for each trademark that you lot wish to register. Even so, one application can cover a number of goods or services for a given trademark.

Representation or description

Your awarding must include a representation or description, or both, of the trademark which clearly indicates what is being sought for registration.

The representation may contain more than than 1 view of the trademark if multiple views are necessary for the trademark to be clearly defined. In add-on, the representation must non exceed 8cmx8cm in size.

For colour trademarks or trademarks that are claiming colour(s) as a feature, representations must be submitted in colour, along with a description of the color(s) and where they appear in the trademark.

For sound and moving image trademarks, an electronic representation and a description of the trademark is required.

For more information on the representation and clarification requirements for non-traditional trademarks, please refer to the Practice discover on non-traditional trademarks.

Annotation: If you wish to go along your trademark registered, you must register your trademark the manner you lot will use it. In other words, you must not change it in any way, including changing the colour every bit y'all described it in your awarding.

Application fees

When yous send us an application to register a trademark, you must pay the application fee. The fee is fabricated upward of the base fee which includes one class of goods or services and some other fee for each additional class of appurtenances or services.

Y'all can pay by credit bill of fare (VISA, MasterCard, or American Express), direct payment, postal coin lodge or cheque (postal coin orders and cheques must exist made payable, in Canadian dollars, to the Receiver General for Canada). Practise not add federal and provincial taxes.

Filing your awarding

Y'all may file your awarding and pay the fee online or y'all may send your finished awarding with your payment past mail.

Filing engagement

Once the Registrar has received your application, staff will review it to make certain it is complete. If anything is missing, we will contact yous to inquire for more information. One time this procedure is finished, we will acknowledge that we have received your application and requite it a filing appointment - that is, the date on which your application met all the filing requirements. This filing date is of import since it is the engagement used to assess who is entitled to registration in the example of confusion betwixt co-pending trademarks.

You may change your application in some means later on y'all take filed information technology. Still, not all changes are acceptable. Certain changes volition mean you have to file a new application.

The exam process

After the Function receives your application and grants it a filing date, nosotros:

search the trademark database to find any registered or awaiting trademark that is confusing with your trademark (if we find one, nosotros volition inform yous)
examine the application to make certain information technology does not contravene the Trademarks Act and Regulations, heighten any objection to registering your trademark and inform you of any outstanding requirements
publish the application in the Trademarks Journal later which the public may file an opposition (challenge) to your application
register your trademark if no 1 opposes to your awarding (or if an opposition has been decided in your favour)

Examiners practise a thorough search of the trademarks database to brand sure that your trademark does non conflict with one already filed or registered.

Exam

The examiner assigned to your file reviews the search results, determines if the trademark is registrable, and decides whether your awarding tin be approved for advertisement. The examiner volition permit you lot or your agent know of any objections, if there are any. You then have a chance to respond. If your answers do non satisfy the examiner, you will become a letter of the alphabet explaining that your awarding has been refused and telling yous why. If you receive a refusal, yous take the right to appeal to the Federal Court of Canada.

Note: There is no special form for responding to an examiner's written report unless y'all are asked to transport a revised awarding.

Pre-publication search

Before a trademark is advertised in the Trademarks Journal, the examiner performs second search (a pre-publication search) to make sure that no one has recently registered or practical for a trademark that would conflict with the i you want to register. If there is a conflict, the Registrar will tell yous or your amanuensis and ask for your comments.

Publication

If the pre-publication search does not testify any new confusing trademarks, we will advertise the application in the Trademarks Journal published on our website every Wed. The Journal is the official publication that lists every application that has been canonical for advertizing in Canada. Information technology gives information about an awarding, including the name and address of the applicant, the file number, the filing date, the trademark, and the associated goods and services. By advertising applications, we give others a chance to object to them before they are registered.

Opposition

Any person can oppose a trademark application advertised in the Trademarks Journal . The person must file either a statement of opposition or a request asking for more time to oppose within two months of the ad. The proper fee must be sent with the statement of opposition or the request for more time. The Registrar volition non allow any opposition that we consider to be frivolous.

If your application is opposed and you lot do not already accept an agent, we urge you to rent one at this bespeak. The same is true if you wish to oppose someone else'southward application. You can find a list of agents here.

Opposition is a complex and often long procedure. Opposition proceedings are adversarial in nature and similar to courtroom proceedings. Both parties may file testify and written representations, cantankerous-examine the evidence of the other party, and appear at an oral hearing. Afterwards a final decision is made, information technology may be appealed to the Federal Courtroom of Canada.

For more information, visit the Trademarks Opposition Lath (TMOB) web pages on opposition proceedings or contact u.s.a..

Registration

If there is no opposition, or if an opposition has been decided in your favour, the Registrar will register your awarding and volition non expect at whatever further challenges. The Registrar will send you a certificate of registration and enter the trademark in the Annals of Trademarks.

Abandonment

If you do not answer to an examiner'southward report, the Registrar may consider your application to be abandoned. Before this happens, the Registrar will notify you and requite you a run a risk to right the state of affairs within a specific time catamenia. If you practice not respond within that time, y'all will have to file a new application (forth with another fee).

Note: If you lot do not notify the Registrar of a change of address, the Registrar is not responsible for any correspondence that yous or your agent do not receive.

Communicating with the Office of the Registrar of Trademarks

Business with the Office of the Registrar of Trademarks is normally done in writing. All paper correspondence should be addressed to:

Office of the Registrar of Trademarks
Canadian Intellectual Property Office
Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
Place du Portage I
fifty Victoria Street, Room C114
Gatineau QC K1A 0C9

Fax: 819-953-CIPO (2476)

Correspondence about opposition or summary expungement (section 45 of the Trademarks Act) must be conspicuously marked "Attention Opposition Board" or "Attending: Section 45 Proceedings", depending on the contents of the letter, and addressed to:

Trademarks Opposition Board
Canadian Intellectual Property Office
Innovation, Science and Economical Evolution Canada
Place du Portage I
50 Victoria Street
Gatineau QC K1A 0C9

Fax: 819-953-CIPO (2476)

For more information, delight consult CIPO'south correspondence procedures.

If you are asking about the status of your application and information technology has non still been given to an examiner, you should contact the Client Service Eye. If your awarding has been given to an examiner, please apply the contact number on the report sent to yous past that examiner.

The Registrar will reply to all questions, but cannot:

search the Canadian Trademarks Database for you
submit documents for registering transfers of ownership
give you legal advice, other than telling y'all about the Trademarks Act, the Trademarks Regulations, and other information that you can get on our website

To observe out the status of active opposition or summary expungement files, delight meet the Canadian Trademarks Database.

Electronic services

You tin use our electronic services to:

file a trademark application
file an amended trademark awarding
group the goods and services of a registration according to the classes of the Overnice Classification system
renew a trademark registration
request copies of trademark documents

You can use the TMOB'south online web application to:

Opposition proceedings

file a argument of opposition
file a counter statement
submit the opponent's bear witness, or argument
submit the bidder's bear witness, or argument
submit the opponent'due south reply show
submit the opponent's written representations, or statement
submit the bidder's written representations, or statement
request a hearing
request an extension of fourth dimension

Section 45 proceedings

asking a section 45 find
submit the registered possessor's testify, or argument
submit the requesting party'due south written representations, or statement
submit the registered owner'due south written representations, or statement
request a hearing
asking an extension of time

3. Registering a trademark outside Canada

Registering your trademark with the Registrar protects your rights in Canada just. If you lot wish to market goods or services in other countries, you should think about getting trademark registration(s) there as well. For more information, delight refer to the International Trademarks under the Madrid Protocol or contact a trademark amanuensis.

4. Expungement of a trademark registration

When someone registers a trademark, they gain a very valuable right. However, they can lose that right (expungement, or removal, from the Register of Trademarks) unless they conduct out specific responsibilities. A trademark registration can exist expunged for several reasons, including: the trademark losing its distinctiveness, abandonment of the trademark, and non-use of the trademark.

Please contact CIPO's Client Service Middle if you need more information.

five. Renewal fee

To maintain your trademark registration, yous are required to pay a renewal fee every x years. If yous practise non, your trademark will exist expunged from the Register of Trademarks. The Registrar will send y'all a notice with information most your payment deadline.

6. Use in Canada (section 45 proceedings)

Another of your responsibilities as the owner of a trademark is to employ the trademark in Canada. If you practise not use it, the registration could be expunged from the Register of Trademarks by the Registrar. The Registrar could start summary expungement proceedings, after three years beginning on the twenty-four hour period on which a trademark is registered, either on their own at any time during the life of the registration, or if another party pays the proper fee and asks them to.

The procedure begins when the Registrar sends a notice to the registered owner asking them to provide evidence showing that the trademark has been used in Canada during the last 3 years or to prove that there are special circumstances that excuse the fact that the trademark has not been used. If the owner fails to reply to the Registrar, the trademark is liable to be expunged from the Register of Trademarks.

One time the Registrar has received the requested evidence, the owner and the other party tin send in written arguments and besides appear at an oral hearing. Later the Registrar has made a final decision to expunge, better or maintain the registration, the possessor or other political party can appeal to the Federal Courtroom of Canada.

The procedure we accept outlined here is complex. We recommend that you employ a registered trademarks amanuensis to assistance you through information technology.

For more information, visit our web folio on section 45 proceedings or contact us.

7. Transfers

A trademark is a form of property. You tin can sell, bequeath or transfer your rights to someone else through an assignment. To avoid ownership disagreements, you should formally tell the Registrar about changes in ownership.

Yous should also tell the Registrar nearly anything else that affects the ownership a trademark, such every bit a modify of name or a business organization merger.

8. Marking requirements

There is no legal requirement to mark your trademark with whatever item symbol. Notwithstanding, many owners use the post-obit symbols to show that their trademark is registered:

R (registered)
TM (trademark)
SM (service marker)
MC (marque de commerce)

9. Policing your trademark

Information technology is upwards to y'all to make sure nobody is using your trademark without your permission and to take action if someone does. Y'all may wish to take action if you come beyond a trademark or a trade name that could be confused with your registered trademark, as you do not want anyone imitating your trademark.

There is a good reason for this, beyond just the false. If your business concern is successful and someone imitates your trademark, it may exist in danger of becoming a generic term. For example, if consumers get-go maxim "N Pole" when they mean whatever ice foam, in the same way that the trademark "zipper" is at present what nearly everyone says when they mean "slide fastener", the rights in your trademark may no longer exist enforceable.

10. Common errors

Before you file your trademark application, take some fourth dimension to go through the following checklist. The fewer errors yous make, the more quickly your application will go through.

Fee

Remember that each application must be accompanied by an application fee (non-refundable).

Note: Yous tin pay past credit card (VISA, MasterCard, or American Express), directly payment, postal money order or cheque (the postal money club or cheque must be made payable, in Canadian dollars, to the Receiver General for Canada). Do not add federal and provincial taxes.

Goods or services

You may non apply a trademark registered by someone else to draw your goods or services. Many registered trademarks accept get role of everyday linguistic communication, but you cannot use them to draw your goods or services. A few examples are "yo-yo," "bubble wrap," and "kleenex".

Make sure that yous include all the goods or services with which you plan to employ, or have used, your trademark, and that they are grouped according to the classes of the Nice Nomenclature. Y'all may not expand the scope of goods or services later on yous take filed the application.

The Trademarks Act states that the description of the goods or services you are applying for must be in specific and ordinary commercial terms. In other words, your application should use common names for the goods and services and use wording that is every bit complete and equally specific every bit possible (eastward.g., shirts, bread, sofas, etc.). To help you lot with this, the Appurtenances and Services Manual list acceptable wording for many goods and services. It also gives guidelines for how to identify appurtenances and services not listed.

xi. Case of a trademark application

To the Registrar of Trademarks, Gatineau, Canada.

The applicant, DEF Inc., whose total post part address of its main office or place of business organization is 456 Number Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, D4E 5F6, applies for the registration of the trademark identified below.

The trademark is a design, the representation of which is shown below:

Representation of a trademark design

Statement of appurtenances and services

Class 25

Blouses, sweaters, pants, skirts, socks, underwear and pyjamas.

Course 35

Performance of an online retail article of clothing store; operation of an online retail jewellery shop.

Additional Data

Websites of involvement

The post-obit are a few websites you may find helpful.

General involvement

Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada

The Canadian Intellectual Property Office, which includes the Trademarks Role, is a special operating agency of Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada.

Corporations Canada

Helps Canadians contain, maintain and operate businesses, not-for-profit corporations, and other corporate entities.

Canada Business organisation Network

This is a single access point for federal and provincial/territorial authorities services, programs and regulatory requirements for businesses.

Plant Breeders' Rights Office (Canadian Food Inspection Agency)

This office oversees the Plant Breeders' Rights Act and Plant Breeders' Rights Regulations, which protect the legal right of plant breeders for their new plant varieties.

Intellectual property

Canadian Trademarks Database

This is a searchable database of all active and inactive trademark applications and registrations in Canada. Information technology also shows the condition of all active opposition and summary expungement (department 45) cases.

Trademarks Opposition Board

Oversees and provides information about trademark opposition and summary expungement proceedings (department 45 proceedings) in Canada.

WIPO Intellectual Holding Digital Library

Provides access to intellectual holding data collections hosted by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

United States Patent and Trademark Part—English content only

Processes patent and trademark applications and provides data, resources and services for trademarks and their registration in the Us of America.

Related acts and example law

Related acts and case law

Precious Metals Marking Act

Sets out the rules for using quality marks for precious metals. This helps forestall the registration of trademarks that may be misread as quality marks.

Bank Act

Regulates Canada's chartered banks, and restricts the use of the term "banking services" in lodge to forbid unauthorized use of this term.

Canada Mail service Corporation Act

Regulates post service in Canada and prohibits unauthorized utilise of words such equally "mail", "letter of the alphabet", and "mail" and the unauthorized sale of postage stamps.

Federal Court of Canada

Provides a searchable database of all decisions made by the judges of the Federal Court and the Federal Courtroom of Entreatment.

Supreme Court of Canada

Provides a searchable database of all decisions fabricated by the Supreme Court of Canada.